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Board Paper of Class 10 2015 Chemistry - Solutions

General Instructions:
Answer to this paper must be written on the paper provided separately.
You will not be allowed to write during the first 15 minutes.
This time is to be spent in reading the question paper.
The time given at the head of paper is the time allotted for writing the answers.

Section I is compulsory. Attempt any four questions from Section II.
The intended marks of questions or parts of questions are given in brackets [ ].



  • Question 1
    (a) Select from the list the gas that matches the description given in each case:
    [ammonia, ethane, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen sulphide, ethyne]
    (i) This gas is used as a reducing agent in reducing copper oxide to copper.
    (ii) This gas produces dense white fumes with ammonia gas.
    (iii) This gas is used for welding purposes.
    (iv) This gas is also a saturated hydrocarbon.
    (v) This gas has a characteristic rotten egg smell.    		 [5]
    (b) Choose the most appropriate answer for each of the following:
    (i) Among the elements given below, the element with the least electronegativity is:
    (A) Lithium
    (B) Carbon
    (C) Boron
    (D) Fluorine

    (ii) Identify the statement which does not describe the property of alkenes:
    (A) They are unsaturated hydrocarbons
    (B) They decolourise bromine water
    (C) They can undergo addition as well as substitution reactions
    (D) They undergo combustion with oxygen forming carbon dioxide and water.

    (iii) This is not an alloy of copper:
    (A) Brass
    (B) Bronze
    (C) Solder
    (D) Duralumin.

    (iv) Bonding in this molecule can be understood to involve coordinate bonding.
    (A) Carbon tetrachloride
    (B) Hydrogen
    (C) Hydrogen chloride
    (D) Ammonium chloride

    (v) Which of the following would weigh the least?
    (A) 2 gram atoms of Nitrogen.
    (B) 1mole of Silver
    (C) 22.4 litres of oxygen gas at 1 atmospheric pressure and 273K
    (D) 6.02 × 1023 atoms of carbon.
     [Atomic masses: Ag = 108, N = 14, O =16, C = 12]
    		 [5]
    (c) Complete the following calculations. Show working for complete credit:  
    (i) Calculate the mass of Calcium that will contain the same number of atom as are present in 3.2 gm of Sulphur.
    [Atomic masses: S = 32, Ca = 40]    		 [2]
    (ii) If 6 litres of hydrogen and 4 litres of chlorine are mixed and exploded and if
    water is added to the gases formed, find the volume of the residual gas.    		 [2]
    (iii) If the empirical formula of a compound is CH and it has a vapour density of 13, find the molecular formula of the compound. [1]
    (d) State one relevant observation for each of the following:
    (i) When crystals of copper nitrate are heated in a test tube.
    (ii) When the gaseous product obtained by dehydration of ethyl alcohol is
     passed through bromine water.
    (iii) When hydrogen sulphide gas is passed through lead acetate solution.
    (iv) When ammonia gas is burnt in an atmosphere of excess oxygen.
    (v) At the Anode when aqueous copper sulphate solution is electrolysed
    using copper electrodes.
    		 [5]
    (e) Identify the acid which matches the following description (i) to (v):
    (i) The acid which is used in the preparation of a non-volatile acid.
    (ii) The acid which produces sugar charcoal from sugar.
    (iii) The acid which is prepared by catalytic oxidation of ammonia.
    (iv) The acid on mixing with lead nitrate solution produces a white precipitate
     which is insoluble even on heating.
    (v) The acid on mixing with silver nitrate solution produces a white precipitate
    which is soluble in excess ammonium hydroxide.
    		 [5]
    (f) Give appropriate scientific reasons for the following statements:
    (i) Zinc oxide can be reduced to zinc by using carbon monoxide, but aluminium
    oxide cannot be reduced by a reducing agent
    (ii) Carbon tetrachloride does not conduct electricity.
    (iii) During electrolysis of molten lead bromide graphite anode is preferred
     to other electrodes.
    (iv) The electrical conductivity of acetic acid is less in comparison to the electrical
     conductivity of dilute sulphuric acid at a given concentration.
    (v) Electrolysis of molten lead bromide is considered to be a redox reaction.    		 [5]
    (g) (a) Give balanced chemical equations for the following conversions
    A, B and C: Fe →AFeCl3→BFeCO3→CFeNO32    		 [3]
      (b) Differentiate between the terms strong electrolyte and weak electrolyte.
    (stating any two differences)    		 [2]
    (h) Answer the following questions: [5]
      (i) Explain the bonding in methane molecule using electron dot structure. [2]
      (ii) The metal of Group 2 from top to bottom arc Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba.
    (1) Which one of these elements will form ions most readily and why?
    (2) State the common feature in the electronic configuration of all these elements.    		 [3]
    VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 2
    (a) Arrange the following as per the instructions given in the brackets:
    (i) Cs, Na, Li, K, Rb (increasing order of metallic character).
    (ii) Mg, Cl, Na, S, Si (decreasing order of atomic size).
    (iii) Na, K, Cl, S, Si (increasing order ionization energy)
    (iv) Cl, F, Br, I (increasing order of electron affinity)    		 [4]
    (b) Choose the most appropriate answer from the following list of oxides which fit the description. Each answer may be used only once:
    [SO2, SiO2, Al2O3, MgO, CO, Na2O]
    (i) A basic oxide.
    (ii) An oxide which dissolves in water formineg an acid.
    (iii) An amphoteric oxide.
    (iv) A covalent oxide of a metalloid.    		 [4]
    (c) Element X is a metal with a valency 2, Y is 3 non- metal with a valency 3.
    (i) Write an equation to show how Y from an ion.
    (ii) If Y is a diatomic gas, write an equation for the direct combination
    of X and Y to from a compound.
    		 [2]
    VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 3
    (a) Give balanced chemical equations for the following conversions:
    (i) Ethanoic acid to ethyl ethanoate.
    (ii) Calcium carbide to ethyne.
    (iii) Sodium ethanoate to methane.    		 [3]
    (b) Using their structural formulae identify the functional group by
    circling them:
    (i) Dimethyl ether.
    (ii) Propanone.    		 [2]
    (c) Name the following:
    (i) Process by which ethane is obtained from ethene.
    (ii) A hydrocarbon which contributes towards the greenhouse effect.
    (iii) Distinctive reaction that takes place when ethanol is treated
     with acetic acid.
    (iv) The property of element by virtue of which atoms of the element   can
     link to each other in the form of a long chain or ring structure.
    (v) Reaction when an alkyl halide is treated with alcoholic
    potassium hydroxide.
    		 [5]
    VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 4
    (a) Identify the anion present in each of the following compounds:
    (i) A salt M on treatment with concentrated sulphuric acid produces a gas which
    fumes in moist air and gives dense fumes with ammonia.
    (ii) A salt D on treatment with dilute sulphuric acid produces a gas which turns
    lime water milky but has no effect on acidified potassium dichromate solution.
    (iii) When barium chloride solution is added to salt solution E a white precipitate
    insoluble in dilute hydrochloric acid is obtained.
    		 [3]
    (b) The following table shows the test a student performed on four different aqueous
    solutions which are X, Y, Z and W. Based on the observations provided, identify the
    cation present:
    Chemical test Observation Conclusion
    To solution X, ammonium hydroxide is added in minimum quantity first and then in excess. A dirty white precipitate is formed which dissolves in excess to form a clear solution (i)
    To solution Y ammonium hydroxide is added in minimum quantity first and then in excess. A pale blue precipitate is formed which dissolves in excess to form a clear inky blue solution. (ii)
    To solution W a small quantity of sodium hydroxide solution is added and then in excess. A white precipitate is formed which remains insoluble. (iii)
    To a salt Z calcium hydroxide solution is added and then heated. A pungent smelling gas turning moist red litmus paper blue is obtained. (iv)
    		[4]
    (c) Give balanced chemical equations for each of the following:
    (i) Lab preparation of ammonia using an ammonium salt
    (ii) Reaction of ammonia with excess chlorine.
    (iii) Reaction of ammonia with sulphuric acid.    		 [3]
    VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 5
    (a) Consider the following reaction and based on the reaction answer the questions that follow: NH42Cr2O7 →heat N2g+4H2Og+Cr2O3
    Calculate:    		  
    (i) the quantity in moles of (NH4)2Cr2O7 if 63gm of(NH4)2Cr2O7 is heated. [1]
    (ii) the quantity in moles of nitrogen formed. [1]
    (iii) the volume in litres or dm3 of N2 evolved at S.T.P. [1]
    (iv) the mass in grams of Cr2O3 formed at the same time.
    (Atomic masses: H = 1, Cr = 52, N = 14]    		 [2]
    (b) (i) For each of the substance listed below, describe the role played in the
    extraction of aluminium.
    (1) Cryolite
    (2) Sodium hydroxide
    (3) Graphite
    		 [3]
    (ii) Explain why:
    (1) In the electrolysis of alumina using the Hall Heroult's
    Process the electrolyte is covered with powdered coke.
    (2) Iron sheets are coated with zinc during galvanization.
    		 [2]
    VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 6
    (a) (i) Give balanced chemical equations for the action of sulphuric acid
    on each of the following:
    (1) Potassium hydrogen carbonate.
    (2) Sulphur.    		 [2]
      (ii) In the contact process for the manufacture of sulphuric acid give the equations
    for the conversion of sulphur trioxide to sulphuric acid.    		  
    (b) (i) Copy and complete the following table:
      Anode Electrolyte
    Purification of copper    
    		[2]
      (ii) Write the equation taking place at the anode.  
    (c) Explain the following: [1]
      (i) Dilute nitric acid is generally considered a typical acid but not so in its reaction
    with metals.    		  
      (ii) Concentrated nitric acid appears yellow when it is left standing in a glass bottle.  
      (iii) An all glass apparatus is used in the laboratory preparation of nitric acid. [3]
    VIEW SOLUTION


  • Question 7
    (a) The following questions are pertaining to the laboratory preparation of hydrogen
    chloride gas:    		  
      (i) Write the equation for its preparation mentioning the condition required. [1]
      (ii) Name the drying agent used and justify your choice. [2]
      (iii) State a safety precaution you would take during the preparation of hydrochloric acid. [1]
    (b) An element L consists of molecules.
    (i) What type of bonding is present in the particles that make up L?
    (ii) When L is heated with iron metal, it forms a compound FeL.
    What chemical term would you use to describe the change undergone by L?
    		 [2]
    (c) From the list of the following salts choose the salt that most appropriately fits the
    description given in the following:
    [AgCl, MgCl2, NaHSO4, PbCO3, ZnCO3, KNO3, Ca(NO3)2]
    (i) A deliquescent salt.
    (ii) An insoluble chloride.
    (iii) On heating, this salt gives a yellow residue when hot and white when cold.
    (iv) On heating this salt, a brown coloured gas is evolved.    		 [4]
    VIEW SOLUTION
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