Board Paper of Class 12-Commerce 2019 Business Studies All India(Set 1) - Solutions

Explain any three limitations of 'Planning' function of management.

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Explain any three points of importance of 'Planning'. VIEW SOLUTION

Explain 'critical point control' and management by exception'.

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Explain 'setting performance standards' and measuremnt of actual performance' as steps of 'controlling process' VIEW SOLUTION

Shiv has recently joined an industrial unit manufacturing low cost LED bulbs. He has five workers working under him. He gives them instructions to ensures optimum utilization of resources and achievement of work targets. He provides good on-the-job training to the workers to build an efficient team. He also analyses the work performed by them and gives feedback.
The work performed by Shiv may be described as an important element of directing. Name the element and state two other functions which may be performed by Shiv in addition to those highlighted above. VIEW SOLUTION

'Financial markets are classified on the basis of the maturity of financial instruments traded in them. 'Name the market in which the instruments with more than one year maturity are traded. Also state any two features of this market. VIEW SOLUTION

Gopal, Mohan and Shyam are three friends having their separate small manufacturing units in an industrial estate. They are hard-working and honest and undertake their respective production activities following the good practices of business. They use good quality raw materials and adopt standardised process. They fix the prices of their products with a reasonable profit margin. But all of them are worried about the malpractices like manufacturing sub-standard, duplicate, and defective goods by the fellow manufacturers. Therefore, they decided to form an organisation with a constitution of its own which is free from government interference. This organisation would encourage consumers to strongly protest and take action against unscrupulous, exploitative and unfair trade practices of sellers.
State three other functions which may be performed by the organisation in addition to those mentioned above.

VIEW SOLUTION

Define 'Management'. Explain how management is a multidimensional activity. Give the meaning of 'Business Environment'. Explain any three features of Business Environment. VIEW SOLUTION

One of the questions that needs to be answered in the organizing function is 'At what level are decisions made'? Decision making authority in an organization can be pushed down to the lower levels or it may lie with the top management. However it is not an 'either or' concept.
When an organization grows in size or complexity, there is a tendency towards sharing decision making authority with the lower levels. This is because in large organizations, employees who are closely involved with certain operations tend to have more knowledge about them than the top management.
An important concept of organizing function is discussed above. Identify the concept and state any three points of its importance. VIEW SOLUTION

State any four points of importance of staffing function of management. State any four benefits of training to employees. VIEW SOLUTION

Ganesh was concerned about the sedentary lifestyle people are leading nowadays. Their dependency on outside food is also increasing because corporate work culture demands working till late night at offices. So, he decided to start a restaurant, 'Healthy Eating Point' to provide healthy food options to customers. After completing planning and organising functions, he identified the various job positions that are required to be filled i.e. a General Manager, an Accountant, two Chefs, two boys for serving the food in the restaurant and three boys for home delivery of food. He decided that his father, Karan, would be the General Manager of the restaurant. He would be paid ₹ 50,000 per month for his services. His father requested him to appoint his friend's son, Prem, as an accountant who is well qualified for this post. Ganesh agreed to this proposal. Earlier, Prem had a business of providing unskilled workers to different organisations from remote areas of the country. Prem took permission from Ganesh to continue with the old business. Ganesh happily agreed and asked him to provide five boys for serving and delivering the food. For the appointment of the two Chefs, Ganesh approached a renowned Hotel Management Institute and was satisfied with the Chefs provided by the institute.
(a) Quoting the lines from the above paragraph, explain the two sources of recruitment being used by Ganesh for filling up the various job positions.
(b) Also, give the meaning of the function of management discussed in the above case. 
  VIEW SOLUTION

Nayar is working as a P.G.T Commerce in a CBSE affiliated school of Kerala. One day he was teaching about capital market in the class. He informed the class that during 1980's the capital market in India witnessed a tremendous growth because of increasing participation of the public. This ever increasing investors' population and market capitalisation led to a variety of malpractices on the part of the companies, brokers, merchant bankers, investment consultants and others involved in the securities market. These malpractices and unfair trading practices eroded investors' confidence and multiplied investors' grievances. The Government of India and the stock exchanges were helpless in redressing the investors' problems because of lack of proper penalty provisions in the existing legislation. In view of this the Government of India decided to set up a regulatory body.
(a) Name the regulatory body which the Government of India decided to set up.
(b) Also state any three objectives of the regulatory body identified in part (a) above. VIEW SOLUTION

Jay is working as the Chief Executive Officer of a soft drinks company. The company is doing its business in collaboration with a soft drinks company of France. Jay's friend, Swami, a teacher of Business Studies in a reputed college was discussing the 'Marketing' chapter with his students. He wanted clarity from Jay about the factors which affect the marketing decisions. Jay explained that there were a large number of factors affecting marketing decisions which may be divided into two categories : (i) controllable factors, and (ii) non-controllable factors.
Jay further explained that controllable factors become marketing tools that can be constantly shaped and reshaped by marketing managers, to achieve marketing success.
Identify and explain the set of marketing tools that can be constantly shaped and reshaped by marketing managers. VIEW SOLUTION

'Scientific Management means knowing exactly what you want men to do and seeing that they do it in the best and the cheapest way.' Taylor developed various techniques for application of Scientific Management principles and was able to achieve a three-fold increase in productivity in Bethlehem Steel Company, where he worked. One of the techniques helps to determine the number of workers to be employed; frame suitable incentive schemes and determine labour costs. Another technique recognises those workers who are able to accomplish/exceed the fair day's work and is based on the premise that efficiency is the result of the joint efforts of the managers and the workers.
Quoting the lines from the above paragraph, identify and explain the two techniques of Scientific Management. VIEW SOLUTION

Matta Auto Ltd. is manufacturing different types of commercial vehicles. Their sales were rupees two hundred crores in the previous year. The company decided to increase sales by 20% during the current year. It conducted internal as well as external audits for the same. Through internal audit, they analysed the strengths and weaknesses of the business across all departments. External audit focused on the opportunities and the threats in the constantly changing business environment. Thus, a comprehensive plan was prepared taking into consideration the business environment and the necessary resources were allocated to achieve the target. The company directed its offices throughout the country to follow the plan. The company's commitment to develop effective plans to achieve a consistent increase in sales has ensured its continual growth over the past one decade.

Identify and explain the two types of plans discussed above. VIEW SOLUTION

Explain any five points of importance of 'directing' function of management.

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Explain any five non-financial incentives. VIEW SOLUTION

Explain any four characteristics of coordination.

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Explain any four points highlighting the nature principles of management. VIEW SOLUTION

Chintamani is the Production Manager of 'Global India Ltd.' manufacturing and exporting steel. During the year 2017 – 18, the company could not meet its production targets. The Chief Executive Officer of the company constituted a committee of experts to find out the reasons and give its recommendation so that the production target could be met in the future. The company analysed the production related records and found out that there were problems due to communication. 'Global India Ltd.' had rigid rules and would insist on communication through prescribed channels, which led to delays. The company also had a number of managerial levels causing further delay and distorted communication.
Moreover, the Production Manager, Chintamani, was using a tone that quite often offended the sentiments of the workers. Also, Chintamani and the workers did not believe in each other and so could not understand each other's messages in the original sense.
(a) Identify and give the meaning of the types of communication barriers discussed above.
(b) Quoting lines from the above, state two communication barriers under each of the types identified in part (a) because of which 'Global India Ltd.' could not meet its production targets.
(c) State any two recommendations that might have been given by the committee to improve communication effectiveness. VIEW SOLUTION

'Monisha Consumer Goods' is a leading consumer goods chain with a network of 46 stores primarily across Mumbai, Delhi and Pune. It was started by Monisha Gupta in 1987. It has a large market share in Mumbai, Delhi and Pune. Looking for an opportunity to expand, it has decided to open a new branch in Kerala. It has to decide on what new resources it will invest in so that it is able to earn the highest possible return for its investors. Once the company believes that it will be able to generate higher revenues and profits, it also has to decide on how this project will get funded. The finance manager, Atul was told to have an optimal capital structure by striking a balance between various sources of getting the project funded so as to increase shareholders' wealth. Atul, after assessing the cash flow position of the company, evaluated the cost of different sources of finance and compared the risk associated with each source as well as the cost of raising funds.
(a) State the two financial decisions discussed in the above situation.
(b) Explain any two factors affecting each of the decisions that still have to be considered by the finance manager. VIEW SOLUTION