- Perimeter is the distance around a closed figure whereas area is the part of the plane occupied by the closed figure.
- Square
- Perimeter of a square = 4 × side
- Rectangle
- Perimeter of a rectangle = 2 × (length + breadth)
1. Triangles as parts of rectangles
2. Generalising for other congruent parts of rectangles
Before moving onto exercise 11.2, the topics Area of triangle and parallelogram are discussed.
- Area of a square = side × side
- Area of a rectangle = length × breadth
- Area of a parallelogram = base × height
- Area of a triangle =1/2 × base × height
1. Circumference of Circle
- The distance around a circular region is known as its circumference.
- Circumference of a circle = d
Area of circle is given by r2
The last part of the chapter is about the conversion of units and application of the formulas.
- Based on the conversion of units for lengths, studied in the chapter, the units of areas can also be converted:
- 1 cm2 = 100 mm2
- 1 m2 = 10000 cm2
- 1 hectare = 10000 m2
Students will be briefed about important points of the chapter perimeter and area in the end.
Page No 208:
Question 1:
The length and the breadth of a rectangular piece of land are 500 m and 300 m respectively. Find
(i) its area
(ii)the cost of the land, if 1 m2 of the land costs Rs 10,000.
Answer:
(i) Area = Length × Breadth
= 500 × 300
= 150000 m2
(ii)Cost of 1 m2 land = Rs 10000
Cost of 150000 m2 land = 10000 × 150000 = Rs 1500000000
Page No 208:
Question 2:
Find the area of a square park whose perimeter is 320 m.
Answer:
Perimeter = 320 m
4 × Length of the side of park = 320
Length of
the side of park =
Area = (Length of the side of park)2 = (80)2 = 6400 m2
Page No 208:
Question 3:
Find the breadth of a rectangular plot of land, if its area is 440 m2 and the length is 22 m. Also find its perimeter.
Answer:
Area = Length × Breadth = 440 m2
22 × Breadth = 440
Breadth
==
20 m
Perimeter = 2 (Length + Breadth)
= 2 (22 + 20) = 2 (42) = 84 m2
Page No 208:
Question 4:
The perimeter of a rectangular sheet is 100 cm. If the length is 35 cm, find its breadth. Also find the area.
Answer:
Perimeter = 2 (Length + Breadth) = 100 cm
2 (35 + Breadth) = 100
35 + B = 50
B = 50 − 35 = 15 cm
Area = Length × Breadth = 35 × 15 = 525 cm2
Page No 208:
Question 5:
The area of a square park is the same as of a rectangular park. If the side of the square park is 60 m and the length of the rectangular park is 90 m, find the breadth of the rectangular park.
Answer:
Area of square park = (One of its sides)2 = (60)2 = 3600 m2
Area of rectangular park = Length × Breadth = 3600
90 × Breadth = 3600
Breadth = 40 m
Video Solution for perimeter and area (Page: 208 , Q.No.: 5)
NCERT Solution for Class 7 math - perimeter and area 208 , Question 5
Page No 208:
Question 6:
A wire is in the shape of a rectangle. Its length is 40 cm and breadth is 22 cm. If the same wire is rebent in the shape of a square, what will be the measure of each side. Also find which shape encloses more area?
Answer:
Perimeter of rectangle = Perimeter of square
2 (Length + Breadth) = 4 × Side
2 (40 + 22) = 4 × Side
2 × 62 = 4 × Side
Side == 31 cm
Area of rectangle = 40 × 22 = 880 cm2
Area of square = (Side)2 = 31 × 31 = 961 cm2
Therefore, the square-shaped wire encloses more area.
Video Solution for perimeter and area (Page: 208 , Q.No.: 6)
NCERT Solution for Class 7 math - perimeter and area 208 , Question 6
Page No 208:
Question 7:
The perimeter of a rectangle is 130 cm. If the breadth of the rectangle is 30 cm, find its length. Also find the area of the rectangle.
Answer:
Perimeter = 2 (Length + Breadth) = 130
2 (Length + 30) = 130
Length + 30 = 65
Length = 65 − 30 = 35 cm
Area = Length × Breadth = 35 × 30 = 1050 cm2
Page No 208:
Question 8:
A door of length 2 m and breadth 1 m is fitted in a wall. The length of the wall is 4.5 m and the breadth is 3.6 m (see the given figure). Find the cost of white washing the wall, if the rate of white washing the wall is Rs 20 per m2.
Answer:
Area of wall = 4.5 × 3.6 = 16.2 m2
Area of door = 2 × 1 = 2 m2
Area to be white-washed = 16.2 − 2 = 14.2 m2
Cost of white-washing 1 m2 area = Rs 20
∴Cost of white-washing 14.2 m2 area = 14.2 × 20 = Rs 284
Page No 216:
Question 1:
Find the area of each of the following parallelograms:
Answer:
Area of parallelogram = Base × Height
(a) Height= 4 cm
Base = 7 cm
Area of parallelogram = 7 × 4 = 28 cm2
(b) Height= 3 cm
Base = 5 cm
Area of parallelogram = 5 × 3 = 15 cm2
(c) Height= 3.5 cm
Base = 2.5 cm
Area of parallelogram = 2.5 × 3.5 = 8.75 cm2
(d) Height= 4.8 cm
Base = 5 cm
Area of parallelogram = 5 × 4.8 = 24 cm2
(e) Height= 4.4 cm
Base = 2 cm
Area of parallelogram = 2 × 4.4 = 8.8 cm2
Page No 216:
Question 2:
Find the area of each of the following triangles:
Answer:
(a) Base = 4 cm, height= 3 cm
Area
= 6 cm2
(b) Base = 5 cm, height= 3.2 cm
Area
= 8 cm2
(c) Base = 4 cm, height= 3 cm
Area
= 6 cm2
(d)Base = 3 cm, height= 2 cm
Area =
= 3 cm2
Page No 216:
Question 3:
Find the missing values:
|
So No |
Base |
Height |
Area of parallelogram |
|
a. |
20 cm |
- |
246 cm2 |
|
b. |
- |
15 cm |
154.5 cm2 |
|
c. |
- |
8.4 cm |
48.72 cm2 |
|
d. |
15.6 cm |
- |
16.38 cm2 |
Answer:
Area of parallelogram = Base × Height
(a) b = 20 cm
h = ?
Area = 246 cm2
20 × h = 246
Therefore, the height of such parallelogram is 12.3 cm.
(b) b = ?
h = 15 cm
Area = 154.5 cm2
b × 15 = 154.5
b = 10.3 cm
Therefore, the base of such parallelogram is 10.3 cm.
(c) b = ?
h = 8.4 cm
Area = 48.72 cm2
b × 8.4 = 48.72
Therefore, the base of such parallelogram is 5.8 cm.
(d) b = 15.6 cm
h = ?
Area = 16.38 cm2
15.6 × h = 16.38
Therefore, the height of such parallelogram is 1.05 cm.
Page No 217:
Question 4:
Find the missing values:
|
Base |
Height |
Area of triangle |
|
15 cm |
_______ |
87 cm2 |
|
_______ |
31.4 mm |
1256 mm2 |
|
22 cm |
_______ |
170.5 cm2 |
Answer:
(a) b = 15 cm
h = ?
Area =
Therefore, the height of such triangle is 11.6 cm.
(b) b = ?
h = 31.4 mm
Area =
Therefore, the base of such triangle is 80 mm.
(c) b = 22 cm
h = ?
Area =
Therefore, the height of such triangle is 15.5 cm.
Page No 217:
Question 5:
PQRS is a parallelogram (see the given figure). QM is the height from Q to SR and QN is the height from Q to PS. If SR = 12 cm and QM = 7.6 cm. Find:
(a) the area of the parallelogram PQRS
(b) QN, if PS = 8 cm
Answer:
(a) Area of parallelogram = Base × Height = SR × QM
= 7.6 × 12 = 91.2 cm2
(b) Area of parallelogram = Base × Height = PS × QN = 91.2 cm2
QN × 8 = 91.2
Video Solution for perimeter and area (Page: 217 , Q.No.: 5)
NCERT Solution for Class 7 math - perimeter and area 217 , Question 5
Page No 217:
Question 6:
DL and BM are the heights on sides AB and AD respectively of parallelogram ABCD (see the given figure). If the area of the parallelogram is 1470 cm2, AB = 35 cm and AD = 49 cm, find the length of BM and DL.
Answer:
Area of parallelogram = Base × Height = AB × DL
1470 = 35 × DL
Also, 1470 = AD × BM
1470 = 49 × BM
Page No 217:
Question 7:
ΔABC is right angled at A (see the given figure). AD is perpendicular to BC. If AB = 5 cm, BC = 13 cm and AC = 12 cm, Find the area of ΔABC. Also find the length of AD.
Answer:
Area == 30 cm2
Video Solution for perimeter and area (Page: 217 , Q.No.: 7)
NCERT Solution for Class 7 math - perimeter and area 217 , Question 7
Page No 217:
Question 8:
ΔABC is isosceles with AB = AC = 7.5 cm and BC = 9 cm (see the given figure). The height AD from A to BC, is 6 cm. Find the area of ΔABC. What will be the height from C to AB i.e., CE?
Answer:
Page No 223:
Question 1:
Find the
circumference of the circles with the following radius: (Takeπ)
(a) 14 cm (b) 28 mm (c) 21 cm
Answer:
(a) r = 14 cm
Circumference = 2πr
= 88 cm
(b) r = 28 mm
Circumference = 2πr
= 176 mm
(c) r = 21 cm
Circumference = 2πr
= 132 cm
Page No 223:
Question 2:
Find the area of the following circles, given that:
(a) radius
= 14 mm (Takeπ) (b) diameter
= 49 m
(c) radius = 5 cm
Answer:
(a) r = 14 mm
Area = πr2
= 616 mm2
(b) d = 49 m
r =
Area = πr2 ==
1886.5 m2
(c) r = 5 cm
Area = πr2 =
= 78.57 cm2
Page No 223:
Question 3:
If the circumference of a circular sheet is 154m, find its radius. Also find the area of
the sheet.
(Takeπ)
Answer:
Circumference = 2πr =154 m
Area = πr2
=
=
= 1886.5 m2
Page No 223:
Question 4:
A gardener
wants to fence a circular garden of diameter 21 m. Find the length of
the rope he needs to purchase, if he makes 2 rounds of fence. Also
find the costs of the rope, if it cost Rs 4 per meter. (Takeπ)
Answer:
d = 21 m
r
=
Circumference
= 2πr ==
66 m
Length of rope required for fencing = 2 × 66 m = 132 m
Cost of 1 m rope = Rs 4
Cost of 132 m rope = 4 × 132 = Rs 528
Page No 223:
Question 5:
From a circular sheet of radius 4 cm, a circle of radius 3 cm is removed. Find the area of the remaining sheet. (Takeπ = 3.14)
Answer:
Outer radius of circular sheet = 4 cm
Inner radius of circular sheet = 3 cm
Remaining area = 3.14 × 4 × 4 − 3.14 × 3 × 3
= 50.24 − 28.26
= 21.98 cm2
Page No 223:
Question 6:
Saima wants to put a lace on the edge of a circular table cover of diameter 1.5 m. Find the length of the lace required and also find its cost if one meter of the lace costs Rs 15.( Takeπ = 3.14)
Answer:
Circumference = 2πr
Cost of 1 m lace = Rs 15
Cost of 4.71 m lace = 4.71 × 15 = Rs 70.65
Page No 223:
Question 7:
Find the perimeter of the adjoining figure, which is a semicircle including its diameter.
Answer:
Radius = 5 cm
Length of curved part = πr
= 15.71 cm
Total perimeter = Length of curved part + Length of diameter
= 15.71 + 10 = 25.71 cm
Page No 223:
Question 8:
Find the cost of polishing a circular table-top of diameter 1.6 m, if the rate of polishing is Rs 15/m2. (Take π = 3.14)
Answer:
Diameter = 1.6 m
Radius
=
0.8 m
Area = 3.14 × 0.8 × 0.8
= 2.0096 m2
Cost for polishing 1 m2 area = Rs 15
Cost for polishing 2.0096 m2 area = 15 × 2.0096 = 30.14
Therefore, it will cost Rs 30.14 for polishing such circular table.
Page No 223:
Question 9:
Shazli
took a wire of length 44 cm and bent it into the shape of a circle.
Find the radius of that circle. Also find its area. If the same wire
is bent into the shape of a square, what will be the length of each
of its sides? Which figure encloses more area, the circle or the
square? (Takeπ)
Answer:
Circumference = 2πr = 44 cm
r = 7 cm
Area = πr2
If the
wire is bent into a square, then the length of each side would be =
Area of square = (11)2 = 121 cm2
Therefore, circle encloses more area.
Page No 223:
Question 10:
From a circular card sheet of radius 14 cm, two circles of radius 3.5 cm and a rectangle of length 3 cm and breadth 1 cm are removed (as shown in the following figure). Find the area of the remaining sheet. (Takeπ)
Answer:
Area of bigger circle == 616 cm2
Area of 2 small circles = 2 × πr2 = 77 cm2
Area of rectangle = Length × Breadth = 3 × 1 = 3 cm2
Remaining area of sheet = 616 − 77 − 3 = 536 cm2
Video Solution for perimeter and area (Page: 223 , Q.No.: 10)
NCERT Solution for Class 7 math - perimeter and area 223 , Question 10
Page No 224:
Question 11:
A circle of radius 2 cm is cut out from a square piece of an aluminium sheet of side 6 cm. What is the area of the left over aluminium sheet? (Take π = 3.14)
Answer:
Area of square-shaped sheet = (Side)2 = (6)2 = 36 cm2
Area of circle = 3.14 × 2 × 2 = 12.56 cm2
Remaining area of sheet = 36 − 12.56 = 23.44 cm2
Page No 224:
Question 12:
The circumference of a circle is 31.4 cm. Find the radius and the area of the circle? (Take π = 3.14)
Answer:
Circumference = 2πr = 31.4 cm
2 × 3.14 × r = 31.4
r = 5 cm
Area = 3.14 × 5 × 5 = 78.50 cm2
Page No 224:
Question 13:
A circular flower bed is surrounded by a path 4 m wide. The diameter of the flower bed is 66 m. What is the area of this path? (π = 3.14)
Answer:
Radius of flower bed = 33 m
Radius of flower bed and path together = 33 + 4 = 37 m
Area of flower bed and path together = 3.14 × 37 × 37 = 4298.66 m2
Area of flower bed = 3.14 × 33 × 33 = 3419.46 m2
Area of path = Area of flower bed and path together − Area of flower bed
= 4298.66 − 3419.46 = 879.20 m2
Video Solution for perimeter and area (Page: 224 , Q.No.: 13)
NCERT Solution for Class 7 math - perimeter and area 224 , Question 13
Page No 224:
Question 14:
A circular flower garden has an area of 314 m2. A sprinkler at the centre of the garden can cover an area that has a radius of 12 m. Will the sprinkler water the entire garden? (Take π = 3.14)
Answer:
Area = πr2 = 314 m2
3.14 × r2 = 314
r2 = 100
r = 10 m
Yes, the sprinkler will water the whole garden.
Page No 224:
Question 15:
Find the circumference of the inner and the outer circles, shown in the adjoining figure? (Take π = 3.14)
Answer:
Radius of outer circle = 19 m
Circumference = 2πr = 2 × 3.14 × 19 = 119.32 m
Radius of inner circle = 19 − 10 = 9 m
Circumference = 2πr = 2 × 3.14 × 9 = 56.52 m
Page No 224:
Question 16:
How many times a wheel of radius 28 cm must rotate to go 352 m?
(Take π
)
Answer:
r = 28 cm
Circumference
= 2πr =
= 176 cm
Number of
rotations =
Therefore, it will rotate 200 times.
Page No 224:
Question 17:
The minute hand of a circular clock is 15 cm long. How far does the tip of the minute hand move in 1 hour. (Take π = 3.14)
Answer:
Distance travelled by the tip of minute hand = Circumference of the clock
= 2πr = 2 × 3.14 × 15
= 94.2 cm
Page No 226:
Question 1:
A garden is 90 m long and 75 m broad. A path 5 m wide is to be built outside and around it. Find the area of the path. Also find the area of the garden in hectare.
Answer:
Length (l) of garden = 90 m
Breadth (b) of garden = 75 m
Area of garden = l × b = 90 × 75 = 6750 m2
From the figure, it can be observed that the new length and breadth of the garden, when path is also included, are 100m and 85m respectively.
Area of the garden including the path = 100 × 85 = 8500 m2
Area of path = Area of the garden including the path − Area of garden
= 8500 − 6750 = 1750 m2
1 hectare = 10000 m2
Therefore,
area of garden in hectare
Page No 226:
Question 2:
A 3 m wide path runs outside and around a rectangular park of length 125 m and breadth 65 m. Find the area of the path.
Answer:
Length (l) of park = 125 m
Breadth (b) of park = 65 m
Area of park = l × b = 125 × 65 = 8125 m2
From the figure, it can be observed that the new length and breadth of the park, when path is also included, are 131 m and 71 m respectively.
Area of the park including the path = 131 × 71 = 9301 m2
Area of path = Area of the park including the path − Area of park
= 9301 − 8125 = 1176 m2
Page No 226:
Question 3:
A picture is painted on a cardboard 8 cm long and 5 cm wide such that there is a margin of 1.5 cm along each of its sides. Find the total area of the margin.
Answer:
Length (l) of cardboard = 8 cm
Breadth (b) of cardboard = 5 cm
Area of cardboard including margin = l × b = 8 × 5 = 40 cm2
From the figure, it can be observed that the new length and breadth of the cardboard, when margin is not included, are 5 cm and 2 cm respectively.
Area of the cardboard not including the margin = 5 × 2 = 10 cm2
Area of the margin = Area of cardboard including the margin − Area of cardboard not
including the margin
= 40 − 10 = 30 cm2
Page No 226:
Question 4:
A verandahof width 2.25 m is constructed all along outside a room which is 5.5 m long and 4 m wide. Find:
(i) the area of the verandah
(ii) the cost of cementing the floor of the verandah at the rate of Rs 200 per m2.
Answer:
(i)
Length (l) of room = 5.5 m
Breadth (b) of room = 4 m
Area of room = l × b = 5.5 × 4 = 22 m2
From the figure, it can be observed that the new length and breadth of the room, when verandah is also included, are 10 m and 8.5 m respectively.
Area of the room including the verandah = 10 × 8.5 = 85 m2
Area of verandah = Area of the room including the verandah − Area of room
= 85 − 22 = 63 m2
(ii)
Cost of cementing 1 m2 area of the floor of the verandah = Rs 200
Cost of cementing 63 m2 area of the floor of the verandah = 200 × 63
= Rs 12600
Page No 226:
Question 5:
A path 1 m wide is built along the border and inside a square garden of side 30 m. Find:
(i) the area of the path
(ii) the cost of planting grass in the remaining portion of the garden at the rate of Rs 40 per m2.
Answer:
(i)
Side (a) of square garden = 30 m
Area of square garden including path = a2 = (30)2 = 900 m2
From the figure, it can be observed that the side of the square garden, when path is not included, is 28 m.
Area of the square garden not including the path = (28)2 = 784 m2
Area of path = Area of the square garden including the path − Area of square
garden not including the path
= 900 − 784 = 116 m2
(ii)
Cost of planting grass in 1 m2 area of the garden = Rs 40
Cost of planting grass in 784 m2 area of the garden = 784 × 40 = Rs 31360
Page No 227:
Question 6:
Two cross roads, each of width 10 m, cut at right angles through the centre of a rectangular park of length 700 m and breadth 300 m and parallel to its sides. Find the area of the roads. Also find the area of the park excluding cross roads. Give the answer in hectares.
Answer:
Length (l) of park = 700 m
Breadth (b) of park = 300 m
Area of park = 700 × 300 = 210000 m2
Length of road PQRS = 700 m
Length of road ABCD = 300 m
Width of each road = 10 m
Area of the roads = ar (PQRS) + ar (ABCD) − ar (KLMN)
= (700 × 10) + (300 × 10) − (10 × 10)
= 7000 + 3000 − 100
= 10000 − 100 = 9900 m2 = 0.99 hectare
Area of park excluding roads = 210000 − 9900 = 200100 m2 = 20.01 hectare
Page No 227:
Question 7:
Through a rectangular field of length 90 m and breadth 60 m, two roads are constructed which are parallel to the sides and cut each other at right angles through the centre of the fields. If the width of each road is 3 m, find
(i) the area covered by the roads.
(ii)the cost of constructing the roads at the rate of Rs 110 per m2.
Answer:
Length (l) of field = 90 m
Breadth (b) of field = 60 m
Area of field = 90 × 60 = 5400 m2
Length of road PQRS = 90 m
Length of road ABCD = 60 m
Width of each road = 3 m
Area of the roads = ar (PQRS) + ar (ABCD) − ar (KLMN)
= (90 × 3) + (60 × 3) − (3 × 3)
= 270 + 180 − 9 = 441 m2
Cost for constructing 1 m2 road = Rs 110
Cost for constructing 441 m2 road = 110 × 441 = Rs 48510
Video Solution for perimeter and area (Page: 227 , Q.No.: 7)
NCERT Solution for Class 7 math - perimeter and area 227 , Question 7
Page No 227:
Question 8:
Pragya wrapped a cord around a circular pipe of radius 4 cm (adjoining figure) and cut off the length required of the cord. Then she wrapped it around a square box of side 4 cm (also shown). Did she have any cord left? (π= 3.14).
Answer:
Perimeter of the square = 4 × Side of the square = 4 × 4 = 16 cm
Perimeter of circular pipe = 2πr = 2 × 3.14 × 4 = 25.12 cm
Length of chord left with Pragya = 25.12 − 16 = 9.12 cm
Page No 227:
Question 9:
The adjoining figure represents a rectangular lawn with a circular flower bed in the middle. Find:
(i) the area of the whole land
(ii) the area of the flower bed
(iii) the area of the lawn excluding the area of the flower bed
(iv) the circumference of the flower bed.
Answer:
(i) Area of whole land = Length × Breadth = 10 × 5 = 50 m2
(ii) Area of flower bed = πr2 = 3.14 × 2 × 2 = 12.56 m2
(iii) Area of lawn excluding the flower bed = Area of whole land − Area of
flower bed
= 50 − 12.56 = 37.44 m2
(iv)Circumference of flower bed = 2πr = 2 × 3.14 × 2 = 12.56 m
Page No 227:
Question 10:
In the following figures, find the area of the shaded portions:
Answer:
(i)
Area of EFDC = ar (ABCD) − ar (BCE) − ar (AFE)
= (18 × 10) −(10 × 8) − (6 × 10)
= 180 − 40 − 30 = 110 cm2
(ii)
ar (QTU) = ar (PQRS) − ar (TSU) − ar (RUQ) − ar (PQT)
= (20 × 20) −(10 × 10) − (20 × 10) −(20 × 10)
= 400 − 50 − 100 − 100 = 150 cm2
Video Solution for perimeter and area (Page: 227 , Q.No.: 10)
NCERT Solution for Class 7 math - perimeter and area 227 , Question 10
Page No 227:
Question 11:
Find the area of the quadrilateral ABCD.
Here, AC = 22 cm, BM = 3 cm,
DN = 3 cm, and
BM⊥AC, DN⊥AC
Answer:
ar (ABCD) = ar (ABC) + ar (ADC)
=
(3
× 22) +
(3 × 22)
= 33 + 33 = 66 cm2
View NCERT Solutions for all chapters of Class 7