Board Paper of Class 12-Science 2019 Biology Abroad(Set 1) - Solutions

General Instructions :

(i) There are total 27 questions and four sections in the question paper. All questions are compulsory.

(ii) Section A contains questions number 1 to 5, very short answer type questions of one mark each.

(iii) Section B contains questions number 6 to 12, short answer type I questions of two marks each.

(iv) Section C contains questions number 13 to 24, short answer type II questions of three marks each.

(v) Section D contains question number 25 to 27, long answer type questions of five marks each.

(vii) There is no overall choice in the question paper, however, an internal choice is provided in two questions of one mark, two questions of two marks, four questions of three marks and all the three questions of five marks. In these questions, an examinee is to attempt any one of the two given alternatives.

(vii) Wherever necessary, the diagram drawn should be neat and properly labelled.

Question 1
State from where do the signals for parturition originate in human females. VIEW SOLUTION

Question 2
Name the pattern of inheritance where F₁ phenotype

(a) resembles only one of the two parents.
(b) does not resemble either of the two parents and is in between the two. VIEW SOLUTION

Question 3
According to the Hardy-Weinberg principle, the allele frequency of a population remains constant. How do you interpret the change of frequency of alleles in a population ?

OR

Coelacanth was caught in South Africa. State the significance of discovery of Coelacanth in the evolutionary history of vertebrates. VIEW SOLUTION

Question 4
State the functions of mast cells in allergy response.

OR

State the function of interpherons. VIEW SOLUTION

Question 5
What is the cell that receives a recombinant gene called? VIEW SOLUTION

Question 6
Name a disorder a human suffers from as a result of monosomy of the sex chromosome. Give the karyotype and write the symptoms. VIEW SOLUTION

Question 7
In the T.S. of a mature anther given below, identify "a" and "b" and mention their functions.

OR

What is cleistogamy ? Write one advantage and one disadvantage of it, to the plant. VIEW SOLUTION

Question 8
State the role of thymus as a lymphoid organ. Name the cells that are released from it and mention their function. VIEW SOLUTION

Question 9
"Artificial insemination helps overcome several problems of normal mating in cattle". Do you agree? Support your answer with any three reason. VIEW SOLUTION

Question 10
Name and explain the interaction that is seen between clownfish and sea anemones. VIEW SOLUTION

Question 11
Write the relationship between productivity, gross primary productivity, net primary productivity and secondary productivity. VIEW SOLUTION

Question 12
Justify the need for signing of 'Montreal Protocol' by the participating nations in 1987. VIEW SOLUTION

Question 13
Emasculation and bagging are the two important steps carried during artificial hybridisation to obtain superior varieties of desired plants. Explain giving reasons, in which types of flowers and at what stages are the two processes carried out.

OR

State what is apomixis. Write its significance. How can it be commercially used ? VIEW SOLUTION

Question 14
(a) Draw a sectional view of human ovary. Label the following parts :
(i) Primary Follicle
(ii) Secondary oocyte
(iii) Graafian follicle
(iv) Corpus luteum

(b) Name the hormones influencing follicular development of corpus luteum.

OR

(a) Draw an L.S. of pistil showing pollen tube entering into the embryo sac. Label the following :

(i) Nucellus
(ii) Antipodals
(iii) Synergids
(iv) Micropyle

(b) Write the functions of the following :

(i) Synergids
(ii) Micropyle

VIEW SOLUTION

Question 15
Given below is the representation of a relevant part of amino acid composition of the β-chain of haemoglobin, related to the shape of human red blood cells.

(a) Is this representation of the sequence of amino acids indicating a normal human or a sufferer from a certain blood related genetic disease? Give reason in support of your answer.
(b) Why is the disease referred to as a Mendelian disorder ? Explain.

OR

Name the kind of diseases/disorders and any two symptoms that are likely to occur in humans if
(a) Mutation in the gene that codes for an enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase occurs.
(b) The karyotype is XXY. VIEW SOLUTION

Question 16
Name the technique and the property of plant cells that can help to grow somaclones of certain desired variety of apple. Explain how somaclones of apple can be obtained in the lab so as to get the desired variety on a large scale. VIEW SOLUTION

Question 17
Study the graph given below and answer the question that follow :

(i) The curve 'b' is described by the following equation :

$\frac{d N}{d t} = r N \{\frac{K - N}{K}\}$

What does 'K' stand for in this equation ? Mention its significance.

(ii) Which one of the two curves is considered a more realistic one for most of the animal populations ?

(iii) Which curve would depict the population of a species of deer if there are no predators in the habitat ? Why is it so? VIEW SOLUTION

Question 18
"A very small sample of tissue or even a drop of blood can help determine paternity." Provide a scientific explanation to substantiate how it is possible. VIEW SOLUTION

Question 19
Explain the phenomena of dominance, multiple allelism and co-dominance taking human ABO blood group as an example. VIEW SOLUTION

Question 20
Name the genus to which baculoviruses belong. Describe their role in the integrated pest management programmes. VIEW SOLUTION

Question 21
Give reasons why :
(a) DNA cannot pass into a host cell through the cell membrane.
(b) Proteases are added during isolation of DNA for genetic engineering.
(c) Single cloning site is preferred in a vector. VIEW SOLUTION

Question 22
State the medicinal value and the bioactive molecules produced by Penicillium notatum, Monascus purpureus and Trichoderma polysporum. VIEW SOLUTION

Question 23
Describe the roles of (a) high temperature, (b) primers, and (c) bacterium Thermus aquaticus in carrying the process of polymerase chain reaction.

OR

How does β-galactosidase coding sequence act as a selectable marker? Why is it a preferred selectable marker to antibiotic resistance genes ? Explain. VIEW SOLUTION

Question 24
Answer the following questions based on Meselson and Stahl's experiment on E. coli :
(a) Write the name of the chemical substance used as the only source of nitrogen in the experiment.
(b) Why did they allow the synthesis of the light and the heavy DNA molecules in the organism?
(c) How did they distinguish the heavy DNA molecules from the light DNA molecules ? Explain.
(d) Write the conclusion the scientists arrived at, at the end of the experiment.
VIEW SOLUTION

Question 25
Describe the process of megasporogenesis upto fully developed embryo sac formation in an angiosperm.

OR

Given below is the diagram of a human ovum surrounded by a few sperms. Study the diagram and answer the following questions :

(a) Which one of the sperms would reach the ovum earlier ?
(b) Identify 'D' and 'E'. Mention the role of 'E'.
(c) Mention what helps the entry of sperm into the ovum and write the changes occurring in the ovum during the process.
(d) Name the specific region in the female reproductive system where the event represented in the diagram takes place. VIEW SOLUTION

Question 26
Study the schematic representation of the genes involved in the lac operon given below and answer the questions that follow :

p i p o z y a

(a) Identify and name the regulatory gene in this operon. Explain its role in 'switching off' the operon.
(b) Why is the lac operon's regulation referred to as negative regulation ?
(c) Name the inducer molecule and the products of the genes 'z' and 'y' of the operon. Write the functions of these gene products.
OR

(a) How does the Hardy-Wienberg equation explain genetic equilibrium ?
(b) Describe how this equilibrium is disturbed that may lead to founder effect. VIEW SOLUTION

Question 27
(a) Study the flow chart given below and complete the equation that follows by identifying 1, 2, 3 and 4.

N_{t + 1} = N_t + {(1+ 2) − (3 + 4)}
(b) Mention the different ways by which the population density of different species can be measured.

OR

(a) 'The pyramid of energy is always upright.' Explain
(b) Explain with the help of labelled diagrams, the difference between an upright pyramid of biomass and an inverted pyramid of biomass. VIEW SOLUTION

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